ETIOLOGIES OF CLUBBING

Bronchogenic carcinoma

Malignant mesothelioma

Pleural fibroma

Metastatic osteogenic sarcoma

Lung abscess

Bronchiectasis

Cystic fibrosis

Empyema

Chronic pulmonary infections

     Tuberculosis

     Fungal

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Asbestosis

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations

Congenital heart disease

Infective endocarditis

Brachial arteriovenous fistula

Hemiplegic cerebrovascular accident

Inflammatory bowel disease

Celiac disease

Cirrhosis

Grave’s disease

POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes)