P 2.3 - 4.0 LOW DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOPHOSPHATEMIA

Decreased Intake

     Decreased Intestinal Absorption

     Vitamin D Deficiency

     Rickets

          Type I

          Type II 

          X-Linked Hypophosphatemic 

     Malabsorption

     Steatorrhea

     Diarrhea

     Vomiting

     Ingestion of Oral Phosphate Binders (calcium carbonate or aluminum hydroxide )

     Ingestion of Aluminum-Containing or Magnesium-Containing Antacids

Cellular Shifts

      Respiratory Alkalosis

          Sepsis

          Hyperventilation

               Anxiety

               Mechanical Ventilation 

      Hormonal Effects

           Insulin

          Glucagon

          Epinephrine

          Cortisol 

Nutrient Effects

     Glucose

     Fructose

     Glycerol

Hyperalimentation

Alcohol Withdrawal

Other

     Recovery Hypothermia

     Burkitts Lymphoma

     Histiocytic Lymphoma

     Acute Myelomonocytic Lymphoma

     Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

     Treatment of Pernicious Anemia

     Hungry Bone Syndrome

     Burns

     Acute Renal Failure

     Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

     Legionella Pneumonia

Increased Urinary Excretion of Phosphate

     Primary Hyperparathyroidism 

     Renal Tubular Defects

     Fanconi's Syndrome

     Familial Hypophosphatemia

     Oncogenic Osteomalacia

     Postrenal Transplantation

     Hyperaldosteronism

     Licorice Ingestion

     Volume Expansion

     Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Medications

     Diuretics

     Glucocorticoids

     Fludrocortisone

    Theophylline Toxicity